Jsun Yui Wong
The omputer pogram listed below seeks to solve the following multiple-objective nonlinear programming problem from Siwale [66, p. 3, Example 1]:
Minimize 1 - EXP(-SUM1), where SUM1 is defined by line 221 below
minimize 1 - EXP(-SUM2), where SUM2 is defined by line 225 below
subject to
-2 <=X(i) <=2, i=1, 2, 3,..., 8.
1677 IF g1 > -.7 AND g1 < -.6 THEN GOTO 1679 ELSE GOTO 1999 and 1679 IF g2 > -.7 AND g2 < -.6 THEN GOTO 1922 ELSE GOTO 1999
restrict prining.
Whereas line 128 of the earlier edition is 28 FOR I = 1 TO FIX(1 + RND * 1000), here line 128 is 128 FOR I = 1 TO FIX(1 + RND * 500).
0 REM DEFDBL A-Z
1 DEFINT K
2 DIM B(99), N(99), A(2002), H(99), L(99), U(99), X(2002), D(111), P(111), PS(33), J44(2002), J(99), AA(99), HR(32), HHR(32), LHS(44), PLHS(44), LB(22), UB(22), PX(22), CC(20), RR(20), WW(20), AL(50), SW(50), SV(50), C2(22), C3(22), C4(22), C5(22)
81 FOR JJJJ = -32000 TO 32000
85 RANDOMIZE JJJJ
87 M = -3E+50
92 epsilon2 = RND
121 FOR J44 = 1 TO 8
122 A(J44) = -2 + INT(RND * 4)
123 NEXT J44
128 FOR I = 1 TO FIX(1 + RND * 500)
129 FOR KKQQ = 1 TO 8
130 X(KKQQ) = A(KKQQ)
131 NEXT KKQQ
151 FOR IPP = 1 TO FIX(1 + RND * 3)
153 J = 1 + FIX(RND * 8)
154 REM IF J < 6.5 THEN GOTO 162 ELSE GOTO 156
156 R = (1 - RND * 2) * A(J)
158 X(J) = A(J) + (RND ^ (RND * 15)) * R
161 GOTO 169
162 IF RND < .5 THEN X(J) = A(J) - FIX(1 + RND * 2) ELSE X(J) = A(J) + FIX(1 + RND * 2)
169 NEXT IPP
170 REM FOR J44 = 1 TO 8
171 REM X(J44) = INT(X(J44))
175 REM NEXT J44
176 FOR J44 = 1 TO 8
177 IF X(J44) < -2## THEN 1670
187 IF X(J44) > 2## THEN 1670
191 NEXT J44
217 SUM1 = 0
219 FOR J44 = 1 TO 8
221 SUM1 = SUM1 + (X(J44) - 1 / 8 ^ .5##) ^ 2
222 NEXT J44
223 SUM2 = 0
224 FOR J44 = 1 TO 8
225 SUM2 = SUM2 + (X(J44) + 1 / 8 ^ .5##) ^ 2
226 NEXT J44
244 IF -1 + EXP(-SUM2) > epsilon2 THEN 1670
422 PDU = -1 + EXP(-SUM1)
466 P = PDU
1111 IF P <= M THEN 1670
1450 M = P
1454 FOR KLX = 1 TO 8
1455 A(KLX) = X(KLX)
1456 NEXT KLX
1522 g1 = -1 + EXP(-SUM1)
1524 g2 = -1 + EXP(-SUM2)
1557 GOTO 128
1670 NEXT I
1677 IF g1 > -.7 AND g1 < -.6 THEN GOTO 1679 ELSE GOTO 1999
1679 IF g2 > -.7 AND g2 < -.6 THEN GOTO 1922 ELSE GOTO 1999
1889 REM IF M < -.7 THEN 1999
1922 PRINT g1, g2, JJJJ
1924 PRINT A(1), A(2), A(3), A(4), A(5), A(6), A(7), A(8)
1999 NEXT JJJJ
This BASIC computer program was run with QB64v1000-win [73]. The complete output of a single run through JJJJ= -31955 is shown below:
-.6321206 -.6321205 -31976
-1.384864E-07 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
-.6321513 -.6320899 -31955
0 -2.248422E-05 0 -5.007709E-07
-2.140856E-07 0 -9.495937E-05
0
Above there is no rounding by hand; it is just straight copying by hand from the monitor screen. On a personal computer with a Pentium Dual-Core CPU E5200 @2.50GHz, 2.50 GHz, 960 MB of RAM and QB64v1000-win [73], the wall-clock time (not CPU time) for obtaining the output through JJJJ = -31955 was 2 seconds, not including the time for “Creating .EXE file" (16 seconds, total, including the time for “Creating .EXE file"). One can compare the computational results above with those in Siwale [66, pp. 4-7].
Acknowledgment
I would like to acknowledge the encouragement of Roberta Clark and Tom Clark.
References
[1] Andre R. S. Amaral (2006), On the Exact Solution of a Facility Layout Problem. European Journal of Operational Research 173 (2006), pp. 508-518.
[2] Andre R. S. Amaral (2008), An Exact Approach to the One-Dimensional Facility Layout Problem. Operations Research, Vol. 56, No. 4 (July-August, 2008), pp. 1026-1033.
[3] Andre R. S. Amaral (2011), Optimal Solutions for the Double Row Layout Problem. Optimization Letters, DOI 10.1007/s11590-011-0426-8, published on line 30 November 2011, Springer-Verlag 2011.
[4] Andre R. S. Amaral (2012), The Corridor Allocation Problem. Computers and Operations Research 39 (2012), pp. 3325-3330.
[5] Oscar Augusto, Bennis Fouad, Stephane Caro (2012). A new method for decision making in multi-objective optimization problems. Pesquisa Operacional, Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Operacional, 2012 32 (3), pp.331-369.
[6] Miguel F. Anjos, Anthony Vannelli, Computing Globally Optimal Solutions for Single-Row Layout Problems Using Semidefinite Programming and Cutting Planes. INFORMS Journal on Computing, Vol. 20, No. 4, Fall 2008, pp. 611-617.
[7] Miguel F. Anjos (2012), FLPLIB--Facility Layout Database. Retrieved on September 25 2012 from www.gerad.ca/files/Sites/Anjos/indexFR.html
[8] David L. Applegate, Robert E. Bixby, Vasek Chvatal, William J. Cook, The Traveling Salesman Problem: A Computational Study. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2006.
[9] Ritu Arora, S. R. Arora (2015). A cutting plane approach for multi-objective integer indefinite quadratic programming problem: OPSEARCH of the Operational Research Society of India (April-June 2015), 52(2):367-381.
[10] Jerome Bracken, Garth P. McCormick, Selected Applications of Nonlinear Programming. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1968.
[11] R. C. Carlson and G. L. Nemhauser, Scheduling To Minimize Interaction Cost. Operations Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1966), pp. 52-58.
[12] Ta-Cheng Chen (2006). IAs based approach for reliability redundany allocation problems. Applied Mathematics and Computation 182 (2006) 1556-1567.
.
[13] Leandro dos Santos Coelho (2009), Self-Organizing Migrating Strategies Applied to Reliability-Redundany Optimization of Systems. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. 58, No. 3, 2009 September, pp. 501-519.
[14] William Conley (1981). Optimization: A Simplified Approach. Published 1981 by Petrocelli Books in New York.
[15] Lino Costa, Pedro (2001). Evolutionary algorithms approach to the solution of mixed integer non-linear programming problems. Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 25, pp. 257-266, 2001.
[16] George B. Dantzig, Discrete-Variable Extremum Problems. Operations Research, Vol. 5, No. 2 (Apr., 1957), pp. 266-277.
[17] Pintu Das, tapan kumar Roy (2014). Multi-objective geometric programming and its application in gravel box problem. Journal of global research in computer science volume 5. no.7, july 2014. www.jgrcs.info
[18] Kalyanmoy Deb, Amrit Pratap, Subrajyoti Moitra (2000). Mechanical component design for multi objectives using elitist non-dominated sorting GA. Proceedings of the Parallel Probl.Solv. Nat. PPSN VI Conference, Paris, France, pp. 859-868 (2000). (Please see pp. 1-10 in Technical Report No. 200002 via Google search.)
[19] Kusum Deep, Krishna Pratap Singh, M. L. Kansal, C. Mohan (2009), A real coded genetic algorithm for solving integer and mixed integer optimization problems. Applied Mathematics and Computation 212 (2009) 505-518.
[20] Anoop K. Dhingra (1992). Optimal apportionment of reliability and redundancy in series systems under multiple objections. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. 41, No. 4, 1992 December, pp. 576-582.
[21] Wassila Drici, Mustapha Moulai (2019): An exact method for solving multi-objective integer indefinite quadratic programs, Optimization Methods and Software.
[22] R. J. Duffin, E. L. Peterson, C. Zener (1967), Geometric Programming. John Wiley, New York (1967).
[23] C. A. Floudas, A. R. Ciric (1989), Strategies for Overcoming Uncertainties in Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis. Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol 13, No. 10, pp. 1133-1152, 1989.
[24] C. A. Floudas, A. Aggarwal, A. R. Ciric (1989), Global Optimum Search for Nonconvex NLP and MINLP Problems. Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol 13, No. 10, pp. 1117-1132, 1989.
[24] C. A. Floudas, A. Aggarwal, A. R. Ciric (1989), Global Optimum Search for Nonconvex NLP and MINLP Problems. Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol 13, No. 10, pp. 1117-1132, 1989.
[25] C. A. Floudas, P. M. Pardalos, A Collection of Test Problems for Constrained Global Optimization Algorithms. Springer-Verlag, 1990.
[26] Diptesh Ghosh, Ravi Kothari, Population Heuristics for the Corridor Allocation Problem, W.P. No. 2012-09-02, September 2012. Retrieved on September 14 2012 from Google search.
[27] Ignacio E. Grossmann. Overview of Mixed-integer Nonlinear Programming. https://egon.cheme.cmu.edu/ewo/docs/EWOMINLPGrossmann.pdf
[28] R. Gupta, R. Malhotra (1995). Multi-criteria integer linear fractional programming problem, Optimization, 35:4, 373-389.
.
[29] M. Hashish, M. P. duPlessis (1979). Prediction equations relating high velocity jet cutting performance to stand-off-distance and multipasses. Transactions of ASME: Journal of Engineering for Industry 101 (1979) 311-318.
[30] David M. Himmelblau, Applied Nonlinear Programming. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1972.
[31] Willi Hock, Klaus Schittkowski, Test Examples for Nonlinear Programming Codes. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1981.
[32] Philipp Hungerlaender, Miguel F. Anjos (January 2012), A Semidefinite Optimization Approach to Free-Space Multi-Row Facility Layout. Les Cahiers du GERAD. Retrieved from www.gerad.ca/fichiers/cahiers/G-2012-03.pdf
[33] Philipp Hungerlaender (April 2012), Single-Row Equidistant Facility Layout as a Special Case of Single-Row Facility Layout. Retrieved from www.optimization-online.org./DB_HTML/2012/04/3432.html
[34] Ekta Jain, Kalpana Dahiya, Vanita Verma (2018): Integer quadratic fractional programming problems with bounded variables, Annals of Operations Research (October 2018) 269: pp. 269-295.
[35] N. K. Jain, V. K. Jain, K. Deb (2007). Optimization of process parameters of mechanical type advanced machining processes using genetic algorithms. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 47 (2007), 900-919.
[36] Michael Junger, Thomas M. Liebling, Dennis Naddef, George L. Nemhauser, William R. Pulleybank, Gerhart Reinelt, Giovanni Rinaldi, Lawrence A. Wolsey--Editors, 50 Years of Integer Programming 1958-2008. Berlin: Springer, 2010.
[37] Adhe Kania, Kuntjoro Adji Sidarto (2016). Solving mixed integer nonlinear programming problems using spiral dynamics optimization algorithm. AIP Conference Proceedings 1716, 020004 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4942987. Published by the American Institute of Physics.
[38] Reena Kapoor, S. R. Arora (2006). Linearization of a 0-1 quadratic fractional programming problem: OPSEARCH of the Operational Research Society of India (2006), 43(2):190-207.
[39] A. H. Land, A. G. Doig, An Automatic Method of Solving Discrete Programming Problems. Econometrica, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Jul., 1960), pp. 497-520.
[40] E. L. Lawler, M. D. Bell, A Method for Solving Discrete Optimization Problems. Operations Research, Vol. 14, No. 6 (Nov.-Dec., 1966), pp. 1098-1112.
[41] Gia-Shi Liu (2006), A combination method for reliability-redundancy optimization, Engineering Optimization, 38:04, 485-499.
[42] Yubao Liu, Guihe Qin (2014), A hybrid TS-DE algorithm for reliability redundancy optimization problem, Journal of Computers, 9, No. 9, September 2014, pp. 2050-2057.
[43] Rein Luus (1975). Optimization of System Reliability by a New Nonlinear Integer Programming Procedure. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. R-24, No. 1, April 1975, pp. 14-16.
[44] Milos Madic, Miroslav Radovanovic (2014). Optimization of machining processes using pattern search algorithm.
International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 5 (2014) 223-234. Homepage: www.GrowingScience.com/ijiec
[45] F. Masedu, M Angelozzi (2008). Modelling optimum fraction assignment in the 4X100 m relay race by integer linear programming. Italian Journal of Sports Sciences, Anno 13, No. 1, 2008, pp. 74-77.
[46] MathWorks, Mixed Integer Optimization. https://www.mathworks.com/help/gads;mixed-integer-optimization.html
[47] Kaisa Miettinen, Petrie Eskelinen, Francisco Ruiz, Mariano Luque (2010). NAUTILUS method: An interactive technique in multiobjective optimization based on the nadir point. European Journal of Operational Research 206 (2010) 426-434.
[48] Mohamed Arezki Mellal, Enrico Zio (2016). A Guided Stochastic Fractal Search Approach for System Reliability Optimization. Reliability Engineering
and System Safety 152 (2016) 213-227.
[49] Mohamed Arezki Mellal, Edward J. Williams (2016). Parameter optimization of advanced machining processes using cuckoo optimization algorithm and hoopla heuristic. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing (2016) 27 (5): 927-942.
[50] Mohamed Arezki Mellal, Edward J. Williams (2018). Large-scale reliability-redundancy allocation optimization problem using three soft computing methods. In Mangey Ram, Editor, in Modeling and simulation based analysis in reliability engineering. Published July 2018, CRC Press.
[51] Microsoft Corp., BASIC, Second Edition (May 1982), Version 1.10. Boca Raton, Florida: IBM Corp., Personal Computer, P. O. Box 1328-C, Boca Raton, Florida 33432, 1981.
[52] A. Moradi, A. M. Nafchi, A. Ghanbarzadeh (2015). Multi-objective optimization of truss structures using the bee algorithm. (One can read this via Goodle search.)
[53] Yuji Nakagawa, Mitsunori Hikita, Hiroshi Kamada (1984). Surrogate Constraints for Reliability Optimization Problems with Multiple Constraints. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. R-33, No. 4, October 1984, pp. 301-305.
[54] Subhash C. Narula, H. Roland Weistroffer (1989). A flexible method for nonlinear criteria decisionmaking problems. Ieee Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 19 , no. 4, July/August 1989, pp. 883-887.
[55] C. E. Nugent, T. E. Vollmann, J. Ruml (1968), An Experimental Comparison of Techniques for the Assignment of Facilities to Locations, Operations Research 16 (1968), pp. 150-173.
[56] Rashmi Ranjan Ota, A. K. Ojha (2015). A comparative study on optimization techniques for solving multi-objective geometric programming problems. Applied mathematical sciences, vol. 9, 2015, no. 22, 1077-1085. http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
[57] OPTI Toolbox, Mixed Integer Nonlinear Program (MINLP). https://www.inverseproblem.co.nz/OPTI/index.php/Probs/MINLP
[58] Panos Y. Papalambros, Douglass J. Wilde, Principles of Optimal Design, Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, 2000.
[59] Ciara Pike-Burke. Multi-Objective Optimization. https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/pg/pikeburc/report1.pdf.
[60] R. V. Rao, P. J. Pawar, J. P. Davim (2010). Parameter optimization of ultrasonic machining process using nontraditional optimization algorihms. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 25 (10),1120-1130.
[61] H. S. Ryoo, N. V. Sahinidis (1995), Global Optimization of Nonconvex NLPs and MINLPs with Applications in Process Design. Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 551-566, 1995.
[62] Ali Sadollah, Hadi Eskandar, Joong Hoon Kim (2015). Water cycle algorithm for solvinfg constrained multi-objective optimization problems. Applied Soft Computing 27 (2015) 279-298.
[63] Vikas Sharma (2012). Multiobjective integer nonlinear fractional programming problem: A cutting plane approach, OPSEARCH of the Operational Research Society of India (April-June 2012), 49(2):133-153.
[64] Vikas Sharma, Kalpana Dahiya, Vanita Verma (2017). A ranking algorithm for bi-objective quadratic fractional integer programming problems, Optimization, 66:11, 1913-1929.
[65] Donald M. Simmons (1969), One-Dimensional Space Allocation: An Ordering Algorithm. Operations Research, Vol. 17, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 1969), pp. 812-826.
[66] Isaac Siwale. A Note on Multi-Objective Mathematical Problems. https://www.aptech.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/MultObjMath.pdf
[67] G. Stephanopoulos, A. W. Westerberg, The Use of Hestenes' Method of Multipliers to Resolve
Dual Gaps in Engineering System Optimization. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Vol.15, No. 3, pp. 285-309, 1975.
[68] Hardi Tambunan, Herman Mawengkang (2016). Solving Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programming Using Active Constraint. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 12, Number 6 (2016), pp. 5267-5281. http://www.ripublication.com/gjpam.htm
[69] Mohamed Tawhid, Vimal Savsani (2018). Epsilon-constraint heat transfer search (epsilon-HTS) algorithm for solvinfg multi-objective engineering design problems. journal of computational design and engineering 5 (2018) 104-119.
[70] Frank A. Tillman, Ching-Lai Hwang, Way Kuo (1977). Determining Component Reliability and Redundancy for Optimun System Reliability. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. R-26, No. 3, Augusr 1977, pp. 162-165.
[71] V. Verma, H. C. Bakhshi, M. C. Puri (1990) Ranking in integer linear fractional programming problems. ZOR - Methods and Models of Operations Research (1990)
34:325-334.
[72] Tawan Wasanapradit, Nalinee Mukdasanit, Nachol Chaiyaratana, Thongchai Srinophakun (2011). Solving mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems using improved genetic algorithms. Korean Joutnal of Chemical Engineering 28 (1):32-40 January 2011.
[73] Wikipedia, QB64, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QB64.
[74] Zhongkai Xu, Way Kuo, Hsin-Hui Lin (1990). Optimization Limits in Improving System Reliability. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, Vol. 39, No. 1, 1990 April, pp. 51-60.
Comments